Lesson 11: Cause and Effect with the Historical Fiction piece "Dangerous Crossing"

The Target Skill in this lesson is Cause and Effect.

Concept Question: Is the Cause the reason the Effect happened?

Lesson 11 Grab-And-Go Resources

From Journeys:
"Cause and Effect Many texts are made up of a series of causes and effects that create the story's overall structure.  As you read "Dangerous Crossing," look for one or more events that make something else happen.  Record these causes and their effects in a graphic organizer like this one."

"In the historical fiction story "Dangerous Crossing," some of the events are causes.  They lead to later events, which are effects.  These causes and effects contribute to the overall structure of the story.  Several causes may contribute to a single effect, or a single cause may have many effects.  To identify cause-and-effect relationships, look for signal words and phrases such as because, as a result of, due to, and consequently.  When there are no signal words, use other text evidence to infer connections between events.

Look back at page 329.  In this part of the story, the events that cause John Adams to go to France are explained.  What leads to his trip?  What do the colonists hope will be the result, or effect, of his visit to France?"

Watch these YouTube videos if you aren't sure about the meaning of Cause and Effect.

Envision It! Animation: Cause and Effect

Cause and Effect

Historical Fiction

Historical fiction is a fictional story set in the past. It contains characters, places, and events that actually existed or happened, or that could have existed or happened. As you read, look for: a setting that was a real time and place in the past, actual historical figures, and details that show the story took place in the past.

Spelling List 8 – Unit 3 Lesson 11

Word	Verb Root	Part of Speech	Definition
embark		v.	To set out on an adventure; begin.
surveyed	survey	v.	To look over the parts or features of; view broadly.
conduct		v.	The act of directing; management.
cramped		adj.	Confined and limited in space.
bracing	brace	v.	To give support to; make firm; strengthen.
pressing		adj.	Demanding immediate attention; urgent.
distracted	distract	v.	To draw (the attention, for example) away from something.
representative		n.	A person who acts for one or more others.
viewpoint		n.	A position from which something is observed or considered; a point of view.
shattered	shatter	v.	To break into pieces by force; smash.

OK Go-This Too Shall Pass-Rube Goldberg Machine